The principle of equality is protected by the Constitution. Although age, disability and sexual orientation are not explicitly mentioned in the constitutional equality clause, the Constitution could presumably be interpreted in such a way as to protect against discrimination on these grounds (jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court on equality remains rather scarce).

National anti-discrimination law is applied in both the public and private sectors. It should be applied in employment, education, and access to goods and services on all grounds covered by the Directives. In addition, national anti-discrimination law also provides protection against discrimination on the grounds of social status, language and convictions.

The Equal Opportunities Ombudspersonis the national anti-discrimination body, founded in order to fulfil the requirements of the Racial Equality Directive. When the Law on Equal Treatment came in force in 2005 it expanded the mandate of the previous Ombudsperson for Equal Opportunities for Men and Women. Thus a new institution – the Equal Opportunities Ombudsperson – covering all grounds of discrimination in Directives 2000/43/EC and 2000/78/EC and the ground of gender started working from 1 January 2005. The Ombudsperson monitors the implementation of the Law on Equal Treatment in the manner prescribed by theLaw on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men.The Ombudsperson is financed from the fiscal budget. It is the main national institution dealing with equality and non-discrimination.